diff --git a/lib/autoloader.php b/lib/autoloader.php
index 08188ef8e596687ef09cc9d51b0b3aaed736a3f1..3fff025080efa3cd7925f7d096cb11588d7ed33c 100644
--- a/lib/autoloader.php
+++ b/lib/autoloader.php
@@ -117,6 +117,13 @@ class Autoloader {
 			// This File is considered public API, so we make sure that the class
 			// can still be loaded, although the PSR-4 paths have not been loaded.
 			$paths[] = \OC::$SERVERROOT . '/tests/lib/TestCase.php';
+
+		} elseif ($class === 'Test\\TestCasePhpUnitCompatibility') {
+			$paths[] = \OC::$SERVERROOT . '/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnitCompatibility.php';
+		} elseif ($class === 'Test\\TestCasePhpUnit5') {
+			$paths[] = \OC::$SERVERROOT . '/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnit5.php';
+		} elseif ($class === 'Test\\TestCasePhpUnit4') {
+			$paths[] = \OC::$SERVERROOT . '/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnit4.php';
 		}
 		return $paths;
 	}
diff --git a/tests/lib/TestCase.php b/tests/lib/TestCase.php
index 42b2273e11929d6fa5394808bba94999bd58a5ca..f115c11938af525ba127169279d62414960a2390 100644
--- a/tests/lib/TestCase.php
+++ b/tests/lib/TestCase.php
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ namespace Test;
 
 use DOMDocument;
 use DOMNode;
-use OC\Cache\CappedMemoryCache;
 use OC\Command\QueueBus;
 use OC\Files\Filesystem;
 use OC\Template\Base;
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ use OCP\IDBConnection;
 use OCP\IL10N;
 use OCP\Security\ISecureRandom;
 
-abstract class TestCase extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
+abstract class TestCase extends TestCasePhpUnitCompatibility {
 	/** @var \OC\Command\QueueBus */
 	private $commandBus;
 
@@ -153,7 +152,7 @@ abstract class TestCase extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
 		}
 	}
 
-	protected function onNotSuccessfulTest($e) {
+	protected function realOnNotSuccessfulTest() {
 		$this->restoreAllServices();
 
 		// restore database connection
@@ -162,8 +161,6 @@ abstract class TestCase extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
 				return self::$realDatabase;
 			});
 		}
-
-		parent::onNotSuccessfulTest($e);
 	}
 
 	protected function tearDown() {
diff --git a/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnit4.php b/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnit4.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f49cf7d40f356002d508bf2f001dd34645dd5d73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnit4.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2016 Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @license GNU AGPL version 3 or any later version
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ */
+
+namespace Test;
+
+/**
+ * FIXME Remove this once phpunit 5 is the lowest supported version, by reverting:
+ * https://github.com/nextcloud/server/pull/2137
+ */
+abstract class TestCasePhpUnit4 extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
+
+	abstract protected function realOnNotSuccessfulTest();
+
+	protected function onNotSuccessfulTest(\Exception $e) {
+		$this->realOnNotSuccessfulTest();
+
+		parent::onNotSuccessfulTest($e);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnit5.php b/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnit5.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5def70e57fa0406e7043e9c5adcd6d14606a8e20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnit5.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2016 Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @license GNU AGPL version 3 or any later version
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ */
+
+namespace Test;
+
+/**
+ * FIXME Remove this once phpunit 5 is the lowest supported version, by reverting:
+ * https://github.com/nextcloud/server/pull/2137
+ */
+abstract class TestCasePhpUnit5 extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
+
+	abstract protected function realOnNotSuccessfulTest();
+
+	protected function onNotSuccessfulTest($e) {
+		$this->realOnNotSuccessfulTest();
+
+		parent::onNotSuccessfulTest($e);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnitCompatibility.php b/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnitCompatibility.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cb243d1ce6f909461ffdfac30b6eb0bd77cc7c61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/lib/TestCasePhpUnitCompatibility.php
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2016 Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @license GNU AGPL version 3 or any later version
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ */
+
+namespace Test;
+
+/**
+ * FIXME Remove this once phpunit 5 is the lowest supported version, by reverting:
+ * https://github.com/nextcloud/server/pull/2137
+ */
+if (version_compare(\PHPUnit_Runner_Version::id(), '5.0.0', '>=')) {
+	abstract class TestCasePhpUnitCompatibility extends TestCasePhpUnit5 {}
+} else {
+	abstract class TestCasePhpUnitCompatibility extends TestCasePhpUnit4 {}
+}